Monday, December 7, 2009

Cancer: tobacco, public enemy No. 1 in France

A major report on the causes of cancer in France has just been published. It shows that pollution does play a minimal role and that tobacco, alcohol and infectious agents are the first three major factors of cancer.

If there is cancer in both France, not because of environmental pollution. The increase of cancer is mainly related to aging and our lifestyle. This is what comes to reveal a large national report on the causes of cancer in France.

This study by the academies of sciences and medicine, the IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), in association with the Federation centers struggle against cancer, InVS (Institut de Veille Sanitaire) and the Institute National Cancer is a documented response to those who think that we underestimate the weight that pollution plays in cancer incidence.

In reviewing all the epidemiological data on cancer conducted in France that the authors have achieved their results. Thus, it would be possible to identify the cause of cancer in 45% of cases in men and in 30% of cases among women.

What are they? Tobacco first, it is no surprise. He is responsible for 27% of cancers in men and 33% of deaths (9.6% of deaths in women). Alcohol then, that the authors are responsible for 11% of all cancers in men and 4.5% of cancers in women.

Then, there is less accustomed to hear, just infectious agents: HPV to throat cancer and cervical cancer, hepatitis B and C for liver cancer, viruses of Epstein-Barr certain lymphomas. Ultimately these viruses were responsible for 4.2% of cancers.

In 4th position found occupational exposure to products such as asbestos, wood dust, paints, benzene, mineral oils, ionizing radiation, which would be responsible for 4% of human cancers (0 , 5% in women).

Obesity and lack of exercise are in turn involved in 3% of cancers in men and 5% in women! The hormonal treatment of menopause (THMs) are by their side to cause 2% of cancers, including breast. We also know that having children later, having fewer children and not breastfeeding are also important factors in cancer risk. The authors believe that it would be possible to reduce 15% the number of breast cancer in rejuvenating the age of first births. The pollution does play a role in 0.5% to 0.85% of cancer cases.

And the food in all this? While the authors acknowledge that it has a major influence on cancer risk, they consider that "the effect of nutritional factors, such as the fiber content of foods, the amount of fruit and vegetable intake was not confirmed by recent epidemiological surveys. "

But why so much cancer? The authors estimate that the number of cancer has greatly increased in France as in all industrialized countries since the early 20th century, but they also state that "such comparisons are meaningful only if it reduces the frequency to the same number of inhabitants, or the French population has increased greatly in the 20th century. According to them, do not forget that the lengthening of life also plays a role in increasing the number of cancers, as well as improved methods of diagnosis and screening. Finally, related to population and age, cancer deaths have declined 13% since 1968. As reassuring conclusion!

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